What are ovarian cysts?
Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs on a woman’s ovaries, which usually form when the ovaries release eggs. These cysts are generally harmless and go away over time without causing symptoms.
However, some ovarian cysts — especially cysts that have ruptured — can cause unpleasant symptoms and serious health complications, which is why getting routine pelvic exams to spot cysts early is crucial.
What are the symptoms of ovarian cysts?
Often you won’t experience symptoms when you have ovarian cysts. If you do have symptoms, they might include:
- Pelvic pain or pressure in the lower abdomen
- Bloating or swelling
- Fullness or heaviness in your abdomen
- Pain during sex
- Severe, sharp pain if cysts rupture
- Pain accompanied by nausea or vomiting
- Unusual vaginal bleeding
- Breast tenderness
What are the risk factors for ovarian cysts?
Numerous factors increase your risk of developing ovarian cysts, including:
- Hormonal imbalances
- Taking the fertility drug clomiphene (Clomid) to induce ovulation
- Endometriosis
- Pregnancy
- Pelvic infections
- Previous ovarian cysts
What are the possible complications from ovarian cysts?
While cysts are harmless in many cases, sometimes they can lead to more serious health complications, such as:
- Cancer
- Internal bleeding and severe pain upon rupture
- Ovarian torsion, a painful twisting of the ovary that decreases blood flow
What are the treatments for ovarian cysts?
Many times ovarian cysts go away on their own, without the need to take action. Possible treatments may include:
Watchful waiting
Watchful waiting is a method used to keep an eye on ovarian cysts to see if they go away or get bigger. Periodic pelvic ultrasounds may be required to monitor the size of cysts.
Birth control medications
Dr. Martinez may recommend birth control pills or other hormonal contraceptives as a way to keep ovarian cysts from coming back. This method won’t get rid of current cysts, however.
Surgery
If ovarian cysts are large, look abnormal, are getting bigger, aren’t going away, appear after menopause, or cause pain and may be cancerous, Dr. Martinez may recommend surgery to remove the cysts, ovaries, ovaries and fallopian tubes, or your uterus.
When should I see my doctor?
If you have symptoms of an ovarian cyst, call the team at Femhealth Group to book an appointment. Dr. Martinez, and the team will discuss treatment options with you that best match your individual needs.
